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Medical Definition of Chromosome 19
1. The phenotype of 19q trisomy, which is caused by malsegregation from familial translocation, includes microcephaly with brachycephaly, flat face, widely gaping cranial sutures, hypertelorism and palpebral ptosis, fishlike mouth, short neck, small pudgy hands and feet, growth retardation, slight to very severe mental retardation. Duplication of 19p13.1 and part of 19p13.2 is associated with developmental delay, unusual lower facial features including vertical ridging on the chin, extra philtral pillar, midline ridge on the anterior portion of the tongue and congenital heart defect. A placental karyotype of nonmosaic trisomy 19 was described with an abnormal foetus surviving to midtrimester. Gene assignments on chromosome 19 include the gene for myotonic dystrophy at 19q13.3, Lewis and Lutheran blood groups and the chorionic gonadotrophin ß chain. (05 Mar 2000)
Lexicographical Neighbors of Chromosome 19
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